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Question types

Not just SATA. Every format you will meet on the NCLEX.

There are two families of NCLEX question types. The NCLEX tests clinical judgment through classic items and Next Generation (NGN) formats such as bowtie, matrix, cloze, highlight and six-question case studies. Satapass lets you practise each one, explains how it is scored, and tracks your accuracy by format so the item types that trip you up stop costing you points.

  • 17Formats explained
  • 11 NGNNext Generation items
  • 3 rulesHow items are scored
The formats

Every NCLEX question type, explained

Each card shows what the item asks you to do, a tip on how to approach it, and how the NCLEX scores it. Use the tabs to switch between the classic formats and the Next Generation items.

Scoring follows the NCLEX rules published by NCSBN.

Multiple choice

Classic format

A question with four options and one best answer. Still the most common item on the exam.

Read the last line of the stem first, then look for the option that answers exactly that question.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Select all that apply

Classic format

Choose every option that is correct. There can be one correct option or all of them.

Treat each option as a true or false statement on its own. Guessing extra options takes points away.
NCLEX scoring +/-

Priority and delegation

Classic format

Which client to see first, which action comes first, or which task can be delegated to whom.

Use airway, breathing, circulation, then safety. Unstable before stable, acute before chronic.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Ordered response

Classic format

Drag four to six steps of a procedure or a process into the correct order.

Picture yourself at the bedside doing the task. Safety checks and hand hygiene usually come first.
NCLEX scoring All or nothing

Fill in the blank (calculation)

Classic format

Type a numerical answer such as a dose, an IV rate or an intake and output total.

Write the formula on the notepad, check the units and follow the rounding the question asks for.
NCLEX scoring All or nothing

Hotspot

Classic format

Click the correct area of an image, such as where to auscultate or where to place an electrode.

Orient yourself to the client's left and right before you click, not your own.
NCLEX scoring All or nothing

Matrix multiple choice

Next Generation

A grid of findings or actions. Choose one column for each row, for example expected or unexpected.

Each row is a separate small question. Answer row by row and do not look for a pattern.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Matrix multiple response

Next Generation

A grid where a row or column can have more than one correct answer, such as which actions suit each condition.

Work one column at a time and only mark what you can justify from the client data.
NCLEX scoring Partial credit

Multiple response grouping

Next Generation

Options are split into groups, such as body systems, and you select all that apply within each group.

Every group needs at least one answer. Choose carefully because wrong picks subtract points.
NCLEX scoring +/-

Drop-down cloze

Next Generation

A sentence or paragraph with gaps. Each gap opens a list and you choose the word that fits.

Read the full sentence with your choice in place. It should make clinical sense from start to end.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Drop-down rationale

Next Generation

A two-part statement such as "the client is at risk for X as shown by Y", with a list for each part.

Pick the condition first, then the finding that proves it. Both must be right to earn the point.
NCLEX scoring Rationale

Drag-and-drop cloze

Next Generation

Drag words or phrases from a word bank into the blanks of a sentence or a table.

Some words in the bank are distractors and some may not be used at all.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Drop-down table

Next Generation

A table where each cell has a drop-down list, such as choosing the expected value for each lab.

Check the units and the normal range for each row before you choose.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Highlight (text or table)

Next Generation

Highlight the words in a note or the cells in a table that answer the question.

Highlight findings, not whole sentences. Normal findings almost never belong in the answer.
NCLEX scoring +/-

Bowtie

Next Generation

Choose the condition in the centre, two actions to take and two parameters to monitor.

Settle the condition first. The right actions and parameters follow from it.
NCLEX scoring 0/1

Trend

Next Generation

Review data over time, such as vitals across a shift, and answer a question on what has changed.

Compare the first and last values, then look for the point where the client started to change.
NCLEX scoring Varies by item

NGN case study

Next Generation

Six linked questions about one client, with the medical record in tabs that update as the case unfolds.

Re-read the record for every question. New data appears in the tabs as the case moves on.
NCLEX scoring Each item scored
Scoring

Three scoring rules decide your points

Many NGN items give partial credit, but guessing can also cost you. Knowing which rule applies changes how you answer.

0/1 scoring

One point for each correct response and nothing for an incorrect one. No points are taken away.

ExampleA drop-down cloze with three gaps where you get two right earns 2 of 3 points.

Used for: multiple choice, matrix multiple choice, drop-down and drag-and-drop cloze, drop-down table and bowtie.

+/- scoring

Plus one point for each correct option you choose and minus one for each incorrect option, never below zero. Guessing extra options costs you points.

ExampleYou select four options: three correct and one incorrect. You earn 3 minus 1, which is 2 points.

Used for: select all that apply, multiple response grouping and highlight.

Rationale scoring

Linked answers score together. You earn the point only when both the answer and its reason are correct.

Example"The client is at risk for X as shown by Y." Both X and Y must be correct to earn the point.

Used for: drop-down rationale and drag-and-drop rationale items.

Clinical judgment

Every NGN item tests one step of clinical judgment

NGN case studies follow the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model. The six questions in a case study walk through the six steps below, from noticing what matters to checking whether your care worked. Knowing which step a question is testing tells you what it is really asking, and helps you see whether you tend to miss cues, mis-rank problems or choose the wrong action.

  • Six linked questions per case study, one client, one unfolding story (NGN case studies)
  • Nurse's notes, vitals, labs and orders in tabs beside each question
  • Stand-alone NGN items such as bowtie and trend outside case studies
  1. Recognize cuesPick out the relevant data from history, vitals, labs and notes.
  2. Analyze cuesConnect the cues to what is happening with the client.
  3. Prioritize hypothesesRank the possible problems by urgency, likelihood and risk.
  4. Generate solutionsChoose the outcomes and the interventions that reach them.
  5. Take actionCarry out the intervention that addresses the top priority.
  6. Evaluate outcomesCompare what happened with what you expected.
Practise by type

Turn your weakest format into a strength

Most candidates have one or two formats that drag their score down. Satapass makes it easy to find them and drill them.

  1. 1

    Find the format that costs you

    Every test report and the Performance page break your accuracy down by question type, so the weak formats stand out.

  2. 2

    Build a test around it

    In the test builder, choose only that question type, add the Client Needs or subjects you want, and set the number of questions.

  3. 3

    Learn the pattern in tutor mode

    Read the rationale after each item until the format feels routine, then switch to timed mode to check you hold your accuracy under the clock. Tutor vs timed mode.

Questions

Common questions about NCLEX question types

Still unsure about a format? Send us a message and our team will explain it.

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NGN items are question formats introduced to measure clinical judgment, such as bowtie, matrix, cloze, highlight and trend items, and six-question case studies. They appear alongside classic formats like multiple choice and select all that apply.

Many do. Items scored with 0/1 or +/- rules can earn part of the available points. Some items, such as rationale items, only score when linked answers are correct together.

NCSBN publishes the number of case studies and stand-alone NGN items for each exam. Satapass follows the current test plan, and you can practise case studies as often as you like.

Yes. In the test builder you can choose specific question types, together with the Client Needs categories and subjects you want to cover.

Yes. Each test report and the Performance page show how you score on every format, so you can see which ones need more practice.
Keep exploring

More ways Satapass gets you ready

Practise every format before exam day.

Create your account, pick the question types you find hardest and build your first test in four steps.